Merge branch 'main' into release/4.0.0

.github/workflows/docfx.yml

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ name: DocFX
 on:
   push:
     branches: [ main ]
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
   docfx:

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 BigEndian/LittleEndian methods.
 - X10D: `Stream.GetHash<>` and `Stream.TryWriteHash<>` now throw ArgumentException in lieu of
 TypeInitializationException.
+- X10D: `Stream.GetHash<>` and `Stream.TryWriteHash<>` are now more efficient on second and subsequent calls.
 
 ### Removed
 

X10D.Tests/src/Linq/ReadOnlySpanTests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using NUnit.Framework;
+using NUnit.Framework;
 using X10D.Linq;
 
 namespace X10D.Tests.Linq;

X10D.Tests/src/Linq/SpanTests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using NUnit.Framework;
+using NUnit.Framework;
 using X10D.Linq;
 
 namespace X10D.Tests.Linq;

X10D/src/IO/StreamExtensions.Reading.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+using System.Buffers.Binary;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace X10D.IO;
+
+public static partial class StreamExtensions
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="decimal" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by sixteen
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static decimal ReadDecimalBigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        const int decimalSize = sizeof(decimal);
+        const int int32Size = sizeof(int);
+        const int partitionSize = decimalSize / int32Size;
+
+        Span<int> buffer = stackalloc int[partitionSize];
+        for (var index = 0; index < partitionSize; index++)
+        {
+            buffer[index] = stream.ReadInt32BigEndian();
+        }
+
+        if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return new decimal(buffer);
+#else
+        return new decimal(buffer.ToArray());
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="decimal" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by sixteen
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static decimal ReadDecimalLittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        const int decimalSize = sizeof(decimal);
+        const int int32Size = sizeof(int);
+        const int partitionSize = decimalSize / int32Size;
+
+        Span<int> buffer = stackalloc int[partitionSize];
+        for (var index = 0; index < partitionSize; index++)
+        {
+            buffer[index] = stream.ReadInt32LittleEndian();
+        }
+
+        if (!BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return new decimal(buffer);
+#else
+        return new decimal(buffer.ToArray());
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="double" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static double ReadDoubleBigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadDoubleBigEndian(buffer);
+#else
+        if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+        return MemoryMarshal.Read<double>(buffer);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="double" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static double ReadDoubleLittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadDoubleLittleEndian(buffer);
+#else
+        if (!BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+        return MemoryMarshal.Read<double>(buffer);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="short" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static short ReadInt16BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt16BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="short" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static short ReadInt16LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt16LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="int" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static int ReadInt32BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="int" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static int ReadInt32LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="long" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static long ReadInt64BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt64BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="long" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    public static long ReadInt64LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt64LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="float" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static float ReadSingleBigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadSingleBigEndian(buffer);
+#else
+        if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+        return MemoryMarshal.Read<float>(buffer);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="float" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static float ReadSingleLittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadSingleLittleEndian(buffer);
+#else
+        if (!BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
+        {
+            buffer.Reverse();
+        }
+
+        return MemoryMarshal.Read<float>(buffer);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="ushort" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static ushort ReadUInt16BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt16BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="ushort" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static ushort ReadUInt16LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt16LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="uint" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static uint ReadUInt32BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="uint" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static uint ReadUInt32LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="ulong" /> from the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The big endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static ulong ReadUInt64BigEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64BigEndian(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Reads an <see cref="ulong" /> from the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream from which the value should be read.</param>
+    /// <returns>The little endian value.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" /></exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support reading.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static ulong ReadUInt64LittleEndian(this Stream stream)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanRead)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportReading);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        _ = stream.Read(buffer);
+        return BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64LittleEndian(buffer);
+    }
+}

X10D/src/IO/StreamExtensions.Writing.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+using System.Buffers.Binary;
+
+namespace X10D.IO;
+
+public static partial class StreamExtensions
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="short" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="short" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, short value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="int" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="int" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, int value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="long" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="long" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, long value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="ushort" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="ushort" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, ushort value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="uint" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="uint" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, uint value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="ulong" /> to the current stream as big endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="ulong" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, ulong value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="float" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="float" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, float value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="double" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="double" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, double value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="decimal" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by sixteen
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="decimal" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteBigEndian(this Stream stream, decimal value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[16];
+        value.TryWriteBigEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="short" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="short" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, short value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes an <see cref="int" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="int" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, int value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="long" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="long" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, long value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="float" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="float" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, float value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="double" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="double" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, double value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="decimal" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by sixteen
+    ///     bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The <see cref="decimal" /> to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, decimal value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[16];
+        value.TryWriteLittleEndian(buffer);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="ushort" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by two bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The two-byte signed integer to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, ushort value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[2];
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt16LittleEndian(buffer, value);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="uint" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by four bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The two-byte signed integer to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, uint value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[4];
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt32LittleEndian(buffer, value);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Writes a <see cref="ulong" /> to the current stream as little endian, and advances the stream position by eight bytes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="stream">The stream to which the value should be written.</param>
+    /// <param name="value">The two-byte signed integer to write.</param>
+    /// <returns>The number of bytes written to the stream.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="stream" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="stream" /> does not support writing.</exception>
+    [CLSCompliant(false)]
+    public static int WriteLittleEndian(this Stream stream, ulong value)
+    {
+        if (stream is null)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
+        }
+
+        if (!stream.CanWrite)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.StreamDoesNotSupportWriting);
+        }
+
+        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[8];
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt64LittleEndian(buffer, value);
+        return stream.WriteInternal(buffer);
+    }
+
+    private static int WriteInternal(this Stream stream, ReadOnlySpan<byte> value)
+    {
+        long preWritePosition = stream.Position;
+        stream.Write(value);
+        return (int)(stream.Position - preWritePosition);
+    }
+}

docfx_project/docfx.json

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
           "src": "../",
           "files": [
             "X10D/**/**.csproj",
+            "X10D.Hosting/**/**.csproj",
             "X10D.Unity/**/**.csproj"
           ]
         }